Activated carbon (AC) na-ezo aka na ukwuu carbonaceous ihe na-enwe elu porosity na sorption ike na-emepụta site na osisi, aki oyibo shells, coal, na cones, wdg AC bụ otu n'ime ugboro ugboro adsorbents tinye n'ọrụ dị iche iche ụlọ ọrụ maka mwepụ nke ọtụtụ mmetọ. site na mmiri na ikuku ozu.Ebe ọ bụ na AC sitere na ngwaahịa ugbo na ihe mkpofu, ọ bụrụla nnukwu nhọrọ maka isi mmalite ndị anaghị emegharị ọhụrụ na nke dị oke ọnụ.Maka nkwadebe nke AC, a na-eji usoro abụọ bụ isi, carbonization na activation.Na usoro nke mbụ, a na-edobe ndị na-ebu ụzọ na okpomọkụ dị elu, n'etiti 400 na 850 ° C, iji wepụ ihe niile na-agbanwe agbanwe.Okpomọkụ dị elu na-ewepụ ihe niile na-abụghị carbon sitere na mbụ dị ka hydrogen, oxygen, na nitrogen n'ụdị gas na tars.Usoro a na-emepụta char nwere ọdịnaya carbon dị elu mana ala dị ala na porosity.Agbanyeghị, nzọụkwụ nke abụọ gụnyere ịgbalite cha cha arụpụtara na mbụ.Enwere ike ịkewa nkwalite nha pore n'oge usoro ịgbalite ụzọ atọ: oghere nke oghere ndị na-adịghị enweta na mbụ, mmepe pore ọhụrụ site na ntinye nhọrọ, na ịgbasa oghere ndị dị adị.
Ọtụtụ mgbe, a na-eji ụzọ abụọ, nke anụ ahụ na kemịkal, eme ihe maka ịgbalite iji nweta ebe elu chọrọ na porosity.Mmalite anụ ahụ gụnyere ịgbalite cha cha carbonized site na iji gas na-eme ka ikuku, carbon dioxide, na uzuoku dị elu (n'etiti 650 na 900 Celsius).A na-ahọrọkarị carbon dioxide n'ihi ọdịdị dị ọcha, njikwa dị mfe, yana usoro ịgbalite ihe dị ka 800 Celsius.Enwere ike nweta ịdị n'otu pore dị elu site na ịgbalite carbon dioxide ma e jiri ya tụnyere uzuoku.Otú ọ dị, maka ịgbalite anụ ahụ, a na-ahọrọ uzuoku ma e jiri ya tụnyere carbon dioxide ebe ọ bụ na AC nwere oke elu elu nwere ike ịmepụta.N'ihi nha molekul dị nta nke mmiri, mgbasa ya n'ime nhazi char na-apụta nke ọma.Achọpụtala ịgbalite site na uzuoku ka ọ dị ihe dị ka okpukpu abụọ ruo okpukpu atọ karịa carbon dioxide nwere otu ogo ntụgharị.
Agbanyeghị, ụzọ kemịkalụ gụnyere ịgwakọta precursor na ndị na-arụ ọrụ (NaOH, KOH, na FeCl3, wdg).Ihe ndị a na-arụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ dị ka oxidants yana ndị na-eme ka mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ.N'ime usoro a, a na-eme carbonization na ịgbalite n'otu oge na obere okpomọkụ 300-500 Celsius C ma e jiri ya tụnyere usoro anụ ahụ.N'ihi ya, ọ na-emetụta ire ere pyrolytic na, mgbe ahụ, na-ebute mgbasawanye nke usoro porous ka mma yana mkpụrụ carbon dị elu.Uru dị ukwuu nke kemịkalụ karịa ụzọ anụ ahụ bụ ihe achọrọ dị ala, ihe owuwu microporosity dị elu, nnukwu mbara elu yana obere oge mmecha.
Enwere ike ịkọwa ịdị elu nke usoro ịgbalite kemịkalụ na ndabere nke ihe nlere anya Kim na ndị ọrụ ya [1] bụ nke a na-ahụta microdomains dị iche iche na-ahụ maka imepụta micropores na AC.N'aka nke ọzọ, a na-emepụta mesopores na mpaghara intermicrodomain.Nnwale, ha kpụrụ carbon arụ ọrụ sitere na resin dabere na phenol site na kemịkalụ (iji KOH) na nke anụ ahụ (iji uzuoku) rụọ ọrụ (Nyocha 1).Nsonaazụ gosiri na AC synthesized site KOH activation nwere elu elu nke 2878 m2/g ka atụnyere 2213 m2/g site uzuoku ịgbalite.Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, ihe ndị ọzọ dị ka pore size, elu elu, micropore volume, na nkezi pore obosara ka achọpụtara na ọ ka mma na ọnọdụ KOH na-arụ ọrụ ma e jiri ya tụnyere steam na-arụ ọrụ.
Ọdịiche dị n'etiti AC Kwadoro site na ịgbalite uzuoku (C6S9) na KOH activation (C6K9), n'otu n'otu, kọwara na usoro nke microstructure nlereanya.
Dabere na urughuru nha na usoro nkwadebe, enwere ike kewaa ya n'ụdị atọ: AC kwadoro, granular AC, na bead AC.A na-emepụta AC ike sitere na granules dị mma nwere nha 1 mm yana nkezi dayameta nke 0.15-0.25 mm.Granular AC nwere nnukwu nha na mpaghara elu dị ntakịrị.A na-eji AC granular maka ngwa mmiri dị iche iche yana ngwa gaseous dabere na oke nha ha.Klas nke atọ: A na-ejikọta bead AC site na petroleum pitch na dayameta sitere na 0.35 ruo 0.8 mm.A maara ya maka ike ọrụ ya dị elu na ọdịnaya uzuzu dị ala.A na-ejikarị ya eme ihe na ngwa akwa mmiri dị ka nzacha mmiri n'ihi nhazi okirikiri ya.
Oge nzipu: Jun-18-2022